The most arduous of journeys begin with a small step. When it comes to something as important as planning for child's education and marriage, that small step means setting yourself an important objective.
To put it plainly, the fundamentals of investing are no different for men or women; so you have to plan your investments, execute the investment plan and track it regularly. If this sounds a little complicated, don't worry, we have simplified the process for you.
Step 1: Define your objectives
The most important thing to do while you sit down to plan your finances is ask yourself why you want to invest. For a married woman with children, the answer could be the child's education or marriage.
For a woman whose children are already married, the desire to invest could stem from a dream to set up a small boutique, for instance. For a woman who is yet to get married, it could be for her marriage. So you could have a variety of objectives; when you get down to penning them down you will notice that the list is a lot longer than what you had bargained for.
When we began compiling a list of likely objectives for women we came up with some interesting options:
- Saving for your own marriage 5 years from today.
- Saving for your child's education 15 years from today.
- Saving for your child's marriage 20 years from today.
- Saving for a small business that you want to set up at a later date
- Saving for an overseas trip, maybe even a pilgrimage 5 years from today.
- Saving for a gift for your spouse or parents
- Saving for your retirement 30 years from today.
This seemingly long list could be even longer when you take into consideration objectives that are peculiar to you.
Once you have the investment objectives in place, the next step is to prepare an investment plan to achieve those objectives. This may sound daunting, but it isn't, when you consider that it's your investment consultant who has to draw up the investment plan and your role is limited to giving him inputs in terms of your investment objective, appetite for equity-linked investments, investment time frame, tax-efficient returns and the like.
Step 2: Identify the investment consultant
Since your investment consultant has such an important role to play in helping you achieve your investment objectives, it is important that you 'connect' with the right consultant. To make your job simpler, we have prepared a checklist to help you select the right investment consultant:
- Both insurance and mutual fund consultants need certification before they begin advising clients. Insurance agents must be certified by the IRDA (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority), while mutual fund agents must be certified by AMFI (Association Mutual Funds in India). The agent must have the certification on his person, so it's relatively simple to affirm whether your consultant is qualified.
- An investment consultant should be competent enough to understand your financial objectives and chalk out an investment plan that can best help you achieve them.
- It is critical that investment consultants are objective and unbiased in their advice. Being objective means placing the client's interest over your own. The investment consultant should be faithful to the plan that he has prepared for you and his advice must revolve around it.
- Value-add investment services is another area that your consultant must treat as priority. Tools and calculators, stock and mutual fund alerts, portfolio tracker, research on mutual fund schemes and life insurance plans are some of the value-added services that investment consultants provide. Of course, there are few consultants who do this, but those are the ones you must identify. Some of these tools are web-based and should appeal to women who are net-savvy.
- Even after you have taken the insurance policy or invested in a mutual fund scheme, your relationship with the investment consultant continues. You may need feedback on your investment, account statement, premium cheques to be submitted to the life insurance company, follow-up on dividends on your mutual fund investments and the like. It is the responsibility of the mutual fund agent to provide prompt after-sales service and resolve these issues efficiently.
Step 3: Preparing an investment plan
Once you have identified the investment consultant, you must get down to actually implementing the investment plan keeping in mind the investment objectives.
For this you need to bare your 'financial' soul and tell him exactly what you want to achieve, the time frame over which you want to achieve the investment objective, the amount of money you want to invest in equities (this is important because equities can give a push to your savings, but also carry higher risk).
If you find this a little too detailed and even unnecessary, remember it's important for the consultant to know this so that he can prepare a well-defined investment plan. It's a bit like telling your doctor everything so that he can prescribe the right medicine.
Step 4: Executing the investing plan
After preparing the investment plan, your investment consultant will help you execute it. This involves, for instance, taking the child insurance plan for your child's education/marriage, or the diversified equity fund to build a corpus to buy property after 10 years.
All the investments and insurance options that have been outlined in your investment plan have to be bought. Of course your consultant will help you with it, but it pays to be personally involved up to a level.
For instance, to the extent possible fill the application forms yourself so you learn about the relevant details. While filling the insurance application form, you have to give a true and fair picture of your medical history, accurate information on your weight and height and other details of this nature.
Giving inaccurate information on these points could lead to rejection of claim at a later date. Your investment consultant is unlikely to know these details better than you, so personal involvement is necessary. Likewise, appointing a nominee is common across mutual funds and life insurance, so ensure you have those details correctly filled in.
Step 5: Review the investment plan
Setting the investment plan in action is an important step towards achieving your financial goals. But to ensure you stay the course, a regular review of the investment plan is necessary. Of course, this will also be done under the guidance of your investment consultant.
There could be several reasons why your investment plan may need to be adjusted from time to time. One instance is when stock markets change course over a period of time and they disturb your asset allocation. So you may have to redeem some of your equity investments or buy more of them depending on how much risk you are willing to take.
As you approach the milestone (child's medical admission or marriage), you need to get out of equity investments since equities are risky in the short-term.
That money should be invested into short-term debt, which is relatively safe. Again, all this may sound very complicated, but your investment consultant is the one who will keep his eye on such events and will make necessary adjustments to your investment plan. On your part it helps to be informed since it's your money on the line.
Step 6: Redeem your investments
As the event you have been saving for, is upon you, you need to redeem your investments. With a mutual fund investment this involves signing on the redemption slip and having your consultant submit the same to the mutual fund. In case of a life insurance policy that you have taken, it involves having your consultant submit the policy documents to the life insurer and follow up for the maturity proceeds.
Then you will need to sit down with your consultant and understand the taxation issues involved with the redemption of your investments.
As you can see, setting financial goals, outlining an investment plan, executing it, reviewing it, is not really a difficult task. It may be time consuming but it's certainly not difficult. With a systematic and disciplined approach to investing and by identifying the right investment consultant, financial nirvana could be closer than you think.
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